• First milliseconds of each note are forte • Majority of the note is piano • Make a rapid change from fast bow to slow bow • Make a rapid change from heavy bow to light bow • The upbow measure should match the downbow one • Common mistake: a diminuendo over several beats instead of a subito dynamic change • Common mistake: a gradual deceleration of bow speed instead of a sudden one • Common mistake: relying solely on bow speed and ignoring weight changes (varying finger leverage)